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Cheat Sheet
Key Points of Philosophers, Political Thinkers, and Leaders
Key Docu ments in the Evolution of Democracy
Direct democracy was established in Athens, Greece, between 508 B.C.-404 B.C.
Citizens voted directly for laws.
Plato (b. 428 B.C.)
1. Society functions best if each person understands his/her strengths and
weaknesses and per relieve oneselfs his/her tight-laced role. Talent, non wealth, determines a
citizens proper role, i.e., strong and courageous men become soldiers, those
skilled with their hands become laborers, etc.
2. Education inseparable for estimable governmentâ€"teach people to be good citizens.
3. Democracy is mob rule, yet also said reason should not be located in a occasion
autocrat. Believed in philosopher-kingsâ€"the smartest lovers of knowledge
should rule.
4. Children property of government and loyal to government so that power would
never be hereditaryâ€"each person meliorate and role determined by skills and
merits.
5. Live communallyâ€"no pay and no property. Three classes: 1) Philosopher Kings,
2) Guardians to defend society, 3) Ordinary citizens whose work was obedience.
Aristotle (b. 384 B.C.)
1. Humans be not born good, but get a line to be virtuous.
2. Best government provides for a properly educated middle class they are free of
excesses found in upper and middle class.
3.



Democracy is the least dangerous form of government, but can lead people to
believe they are equal in every wayâ€"which they are not!
4. Majority is supreme and whatever they approve moldiness be just.
5. Monarchy and aristocracy are acceptable so long as ruler is virtuous and takes
advice from philosophers.
The Magna Carta (1215) signed by the King of England. Resulted in a limited monarchy; king
had to consult nobles to tax citizens or go to war. Also established the principal that the king or
queen must obey the law.
Queen Elizabeth (b. 1533)
1. Daughter of King Henry eighter of England and Anne Boleyn (Henrys second
wife). Her father had her mother beheaded because he guess her of
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